Pelvic prolapse is a condition that many women are hesitant to talk about, but it's far more common than most realize. "Pelvic prolapse occurs when the pelvic organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum, descend into or outside of the vaginal canal due to weakened pelvic support structures," explains Dr. Collin McKenzie, a specialist in pelvic floor disorders with Lexington Urogynecology. These support structures can stretch or weaken over time, causing organs to shift and create pressure or bulging.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Symptoms can range from mild discomfort to significant disruption in daily life. Women often describe a feeling of heaviness or a bulge in the vaginal area. "Many of my patients say it feels like something is ‘falling out,' or they notice pressure that worsens toward the end of the day," says Dr. McKenzie. Other symptoms may include urinary leakage or difficulty emptying the bladder, constipation, or discomfort during sexual activity.
Who Is Most at Risk?
While pelvic prolapse can affect women of any age, certain factors increase the likelihood of developing it. "Childbirth—especially delivering multiple or larger babies—is one of the biggest risk factors," notes Dr. McKenzie. Aging, menopause, obesity, chronic heavy lifting, previous pelvic surgery, and connective tissue disorders can also contribute to weakened pelvic support.
Non-Surgical Treatment Options
The good news is that not all cases require surgery. "We always start with conservative options whenever possible," shares Dr. McKenzie. These may include:
- Pelvic floor exercises (Kegels): Strengthening the pelvic muscles to improve support.
- Pessary devices: Removable support devices placed in the vagina to reduce symptoms.
- Lifestyle modifications: Weight management, avoiding heavy lifting, and treating chronic cough or constipation.
- Pelvic floor physical therapy: Guided therapy to improve muscle tone and function.
"For many women, these treatments provide significant relief and help them return to the activities they enjoy," Dr. McKenzieadds.
Advanced Surgical Options
When conservative measures are not enough, your physician may recommend surgery. "We offer both vaginal and minimally invasive robotic procedures, such as hysteropexy, sacrocolpopexy, or anterior and posterior repairs," explains Dr. McKenzie. These procedures can use either the patient's own tissue or a mesh graft to restore support and relieve symptoms.
What to Expect During Recovery
Recovery times can vary depending on the type of procedure performed. "Most of our patients return to light activity within a couple of weeks, but we ask them to avoid heavy lifting for several weeks to allow proper healing," says Dr. McKenzie. Many women feel a noticeable improvement quickly. "By six weeks, most women are no longer considered in the post-operative period and are back to their normal routines."
Don't Suffer in Silence
Pelvic prolapse is a medical condition, not just a part of aging that you have to live with. "If you're experiencing symptoms, it's important to talk to a specialist," encourages Dr. McKenzie. With today's treatment options, women can restore function, comfort, and confidence.
Collin M. McKenzie, MD, FACOG, URPS, Lexington Urogynecology
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